Sub-ing in samples in place of recorded sounds?

If you know the exact tempo and rhythm then you could try this (experimental) plug-in to generate a new kick-drum track using your drum sample. https://forum.audacityteam.org/t/drum-machine-sound-files/24759/1

If your current drum track is multiple drums mixed down to a single track you could try using the AutoDuck effect to mute the kick drum sounds (using the new generated kick drum track as the control track). This assumes that you can get the new track exactly in time with the original track.